The findings indicate that gut microbiota significantly impacts the efficacy of Flutamide in treating prostate cancer, suggesting a need for personalized treatment approaches. This has implications for clinical strategies and drug development, as understanding microbiome interactions may enhance therapeutic outcomes. Regulatory context from FDA (Oncology (Cancer)/Hematologic Malignancies Approval Notifications) supports the near-term read. Assessment grounded in 12 ranked evidence items (7 high-relevance).